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Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science

Impact factor: 1.489 5-Year impact factor: 1.496 Print ISSN: 1939-5078 Online ISSN: 1939-5086 Publisher: Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)

Subject: Experimental Psychology

Most recent papers:

  • Methodological considerations for interpreting the Language Familiarity Effect in talker processing.
    Susannah V. Levi.
    Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science. October 17, 2018
    --- - |2+ The Language Familiarity Effect (LFE)—where listeners are better at processing talker‐voice information in their native language than in an unfamiliar language—has received renewed attention in the past 10 years. Numerous studies have sought to probe the underlying causes of this advantage by cleverly manipulating aspects of the stimuli (using phonologically related languages, backwards speech, nonwords) and by examining individual differences across listeners (testing reading ability and pitch perception). Most of these studies find evidence for the importance of phonological information or phonological processing as a supporting mechanism for the LFE. What has not been carefully examined, however, are how other methodological considerations such as task effects and stimulus length can change performance on talker‐voice processing tasks. In this review, I provide an overview of the literature on the LFE and examine how methodological decisions affect the presence or absence of the LFE. This article is categorized under: Linguistics > Language in Mind and Brain Psychology > Language - 'Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, EarlyView.
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    October 17, 2018   doi: 10.1002/wcs.1483   open full text
  • Issue Information.

    Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science. October 12, 2018
    --- - - 'Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, Volume 9, Issue 6, November/December 2018.
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    October 12, 2018   doi: 10.1002/wcs.1455   open full text
  • Decoding the neural representation of self and person knowledge with multivariate pattern analysis and data‐driven approaches.
    Dylan D. Wagner, Robert S. Chavez, Timothy W. Broom.
    Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science. September 26, 2018
    --- - |2+ Multivariate pattern analysis and data‐driven approaches to understand how the human brain encodes sensory information and higher level conceptual knowledge have become increasingly dominant in visual and cognitive neuroscience; however, it is only in recent years that these methods have been applied to the domain of social information processing. This review examines recent research in the field of social cognitive neuroscience focusing on how multivariate pattern analysis (e.g., pattern classification, representational similarity analysis) and data‐driven methods (e.g., reverse correlation, intersubject correlation) have been used to decode and characterize high‐level information about the self, other persons, and social groups. We begin with a review of what is known about how self‐referential processing and person perception are represented in the medial prefrontal cortex based on conventional activation‐based neuroimaging approaches. This is followed by a nontechnical overview of current multivariate pattern‐based and data‐driven neuroimaging methods designed to characterize and/or decode neural representations. The remainder of the review focuses on examining how these methods have been applied to the topic of self, person perception, and the perception of social groups. In this review, we highlight recent trends (e.g., analysis of social networks, decoding race and social groups, and the use of naturalistic stimuli) and discuss several theoretical challenges that arise from the application of these new methods to the question of how the brain represents knowledge about the self and others. This article is categorized under: Neuroscience > Cognition - 'Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, EarlyView.
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    September 26, 2018   doi: 10.1002/wcs.1482   open full text
  • Issue Information.

    Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science. August 16, 2018
    --- - - 'Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, Volume 9, Issue 5, September/October 2018.
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    August 16, 2018   doi: 10.1002/wcs.1454   open full text
  • Intentions: The dynamic hierarchical model revisited.
    Myrto Mylopoulos, Elisabeth Pacherie.
    Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science. August 14, 2018
    --- - |2+ Ten years ago, one of us proposed a dynamic hierarchical model of intentions that brought together philosophical work on intentions and empirical work on motor representations and motor control (Pacherie, 2008). The model distinguished among Distal intentions, Proximal intentions, and Motor intentions operating at different levels of action control (hence the name DPM model). This model specified the representational and functional profiles of each type of intention, as well their local and global dynamics, and the ways in which they interact. A core insight of the model was that action control is the result of integrated, coordinated activity across these levels of intention. Since the proposal of the model, empirical and theoretical works in philosophy and cognitive science have emerged that would seem to support and expand on this central insight. In particular, an updated understanding of the nature of sensorimotor processing and motor representations, as well as of how the different levels of intention and control interface and interact, allows for the further specification and precisification of the original DPM model. This article is categorized under: Philosophy > Psychological Capacities Psychology > Motor Skill and Performance Philosophy > Action - 'Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, EarlyView.
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    August 14, 2018   doi: 10.1002/wcs.1481   open full text
  • Variation, race, and multiracial identity in linguistic research.
    Nicole R. Holliday.
    Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science. August 07, 2018
    --- - |2+ What is the relationship between ethnolinguistic communities and ways of speaking? Who is an authentic speaker of an ethnolinguistic variety? In a time where scholarly and public conceptualizations of race and ethnicity are variable and rapidly changing, potential effects on both self‐identification and ways of speaking present an area ripe for study. However, linguistics and allied fields have often overlooked individuals and communities that do not neatly conform to well‐defined racial categories. As multiracially identified individuals are one of the fastest growing demographic groups in the United States, researchers will necessarily need to address the way that traditional methodologies have excluded individuals and groups who fall outside of these racial and ethnic categories. This presents a unique challenge for sociolinguistics in particular, since we are interested in how people draw on linguistic variation to perform aspects of their identities, including their races and ethnicities. This study examines the ways in which race and ethnicity have been traditionally conceptualized in linguistics and allied fields, and draws on research from other social sciences to see how they have begun to study individuals who fall outside of traditionally pre‐existing social categories. The study also briefly discusses the results of one of the first major sociolinguistic studies on multiracially identified participants, which found substantial effects of self‐conceptualization and self‐identification on linguistic behavior of these participants. Finally, it will address future questions and directions for research at the intersection of personal identity, race, and language. This article is categorized under: Linguistics > Evolution of Language Linguistics > Linguistic Theory Linguistics > Computational Models of Language Linguistics > Language Acquisition - 'Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, EarlyView.
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    August 07, 2018   doi: 10.1002/wcs.1480   open full text
  • Analog mental representation.
    Jacob Beck.
    Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science. July 13, 2018
    --- - |2+ Over the past 50 years, philosophers and psychologists have perennially argued for the existence of analog mental representations of one type or another. This study critically reviews a number of these arguments as they pertain to three different types of mental representation: perceptual representations, imagery representations, and numerosity representations. Along the way, careful consideration is given to the meaning of “analog” presupposed by these arguments for analog mental representation, and to open avenues for future research. This article is categorized under: Philosophy > Foundations of Cognitive Science Philosophy > Representation Philosophy > Psychological Capacities - 'Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, Volume 9, Issue 6, November/December 2018.
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    July 13, 2018   doi: 10.1002/wcs.1479   open full text
  • What is peripersonal space? An examination of unresolved empirical issues and emerging findings.
    Samuel B. Hunley, Stella F. Lourenco.
    Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science. July 09, 2018
    --- - |2+ Findings from diverse fields of study, including neuroscience, psychology, zoology, and sociology, demonstrate that human and non‐human primates maintain a representation of the space immediately surrounding the body, known as peripersonal space (PPS). However, progress in this field has been hampered by the lack of an agreed upon definition of PPS. Since the beginning of its formal study, scientists have argued that PPS plays a crucial role in both defensive and non‐defensive actions. Yet consensus is lacking about the cognitive and neural instantiation of these functions. In particular, researchers have begun to ask whether a single, unified system of spatial‐attentional resources supports both the defensive and non‐defensive functions of PPS or, rather, whether there are multiple, independent systems. Moreover, there are open questions about the specificity of PPS. For example: Does PPS dissociate from other well‐known phenomena such as personal space and the body schema? Finally, emerging research has brought attention to important questions about individual differences in the flexibility of PPS and the distribution of PPS in front compared to behind the body. In this advanced review, we shed light on questions about the nature of PPS, offering answers when the research permits or providing recommendations for achieving answers in future research. In so doing, we lay the groundwork for a comprehensive definition of PPS. This article is categorized under: Cognitive Biology > Evolutionary Roots of Cognition Psychology > Attention Psychology > Perception and Psychophysics Neuroscience > Plasticity - 'Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, Volume 9, Issue 6, November/December 2018.
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    July 09, 2018   doi: 10.1002/wcs.1472   open full text
  • Clarifying cognitive control and the controllable connectome.
    John D. Medaglia.
    Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science. July 04, 2018
    --- - |2+ Cognitive control researchers aim to describe the processes that support adaptive cognition to achieve specific goals. Control theorists consider how to influence the state of systems to reach certain user‐defined goals. In brain networks, some conceptual and lexical similarities between cognitive control and control theory offer appealing avenues for scientific discovery. However, these opportunities also come with the risk of conceptual confusion. Here, I suggest that each field of inquiry continues to produce novel and distinct insights. Then, I describe opportunities for synergistic research at the intersection of these subdisciplines with a critical stance that reduces the risk of conceptual confusion. Through this exercise, we can observe that both cognitive neuroscience and systems engineering have much to contribute to cognitive control research in human brain networks. This article is categorized under: Neuroscience > Cognition Computer Science > Neural Networks Neuroscience > Clinical Neuroscience - 'Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, EarlyView.
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    July 04, 2018   doi: 10.1002/wcs.1471   open full text
  • How can transcranial magnetic stimulation be used to causally manipulate memory representations in the human brain?
    Morgan L. Widhalm, Nathan S. Rose.
    Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science. June 27, 2018
    --- - |2+ We present a focused review on the utility of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for modulating memory, with a particular focus on multimodal approaches in which TMS is paired with neuroimaging methods (electroencephalography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)) to manipulate and measure working memory processes. We contrast the utility of TMS for manipulating memory with other forms of noninvasive brain stimulation, as well as different forms of TMS including single‐pulse, paired‐pulse and repetitive TMS protocols. We discuss the potential for TMS to address fundamental cognitive neuroscience questions about the nature of memory processes and representations, while acknowledging the considerable variability of behavioral and neural outcomes in TMS studies. Also discussed are the limitations of this technology, current advancements that have helped to defray the impact of these limitations, and suggestions for future directions in research and methodology. This article is categorized under: Neuroscience > Clinical Neuroscience Neuroscience > Cognition Psychology > Memory - 'Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, EarlyView.
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    June 27, 2018   doi: 10.1002/wcs.1469   open full text
  • Brain (re)organization following visual loss.
    Patrice Voss.
    Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science. June 07, 2018
    --- - |2+ The study of the neural consequences of sensory loss provides a unique window into the brain's functional and organizational principles. Although the blind visual cortex has been implicated in the cross‐modal processing of nonvisual inputs for quite some time, recent research has shown that certain cortical organizational principles are preserved even in the case of complete sensory loss. Furthermore, a growing body of work has shown that markers of neuroplasticity extend to neuroanatomical metrics that include cortical thickness and myelinization. Although our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie sensory deprivation‐driven cross‐modal plasticity is improving, several critical questions remain unanswered. The specific pathways that underlie the rerouting of nonvisual information, for instance, have not been fully elucidated. The fact that important cross‐modal recruitment occurs following transient deprivation in sighted individuals suggests that significant rewiring following blindness may not be required. Furthermore, there are marked individual differences regarding the magnitude and functional relevance of the cross‐modal reorganization. It is also not clear to what extent precise environmental factors may play a role in establishing the degree of reorganization across individuals, as opposed to factors that might specifically relate to the cause or the nature of the visual loss. In sum, although many unresolved questions remain, sensory deprivation continues to be an excellent model for studying the plastic nature of the brain. This article is categorized under: Psychology > Brain Function and Dysfunction Psychology > Perception and Psychophysics Neuroscience > Plasticity - 'Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, EarlyView.
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    June 07, 2018   doi: 10.1002/wcs.1468   open full text
  • Cognitive and linguistic biases in morphology learning.
    Sara Finley.
    Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science. May 30, 2018
    --- - |2+ Morphology is the study of the relationship between form and meaning. The study of morphology involves understanding the rules and processes that underlie word formation, including the use and productivity of affixes, and the systems that create novel word forms. The present review explores these processes by examining the cognitive components that contribute to typological regularities among morphological systems across the world's language. The review will focus on research in morpheme segmentation, the suffixing preference, acquisition of morphophonology, and acquiring morphological categories and inflectional paradigms. The review will highlight research in a range of areas of linguistics, from child language acquisition, to computational modeling, to adult language learning experiments. In order to best understand the cognitive biases that shape morphological learning, a broad, interdisciplinary approach must be taken. This article is categorized under: Linguistics > Linguistic Theory Linguistics > Language Acquisition Psychology > Language - 'Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, Volume 9, Issue 5, September/October 2018.
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    May 30, 2018   doi: 10.1002/wcs.1467   open full text
  • Phonological regularity, perceptual biases, and the role of phonotactics in speech error analysis.
    John Alderete, Paul Tupper.
    Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science. May 30, 2018
    --- - |2+ Speech errors involving manipulations of sounds tend to be phonologically regular in the sense that they obey the phonotactic rules of well‐formed words. We review the empirical evidence for phonological regularity in prior research, including both categorical assessments of words and regularity at the granular level involving specific segments and contexts. Since the reporting of regularity is affected by human perceptual biases, we also document this regularity in a new data set of 2,228 sublexical errors that was collected using methods that are demonstrably less prone to bias. These facts validate the claim that sound errors are overwhelmingly regular, but the new evidence suggests speech errors admit more phonologically ill‐formed words than previously thought. Detailed facts of the phonological structure of errors, including this revised standard, are then related to model assumptions in contemporary theories of phonological encoding. This article is categorized under: Linguistics > Linguistic Theory Linguistics > Computational Models of Language Psychology > Language - 'Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, Volume 9, Issue 5, September/October 2018.
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    May 30, 2018   doi: 10.1002/wcs.1466   open full text
  • Unity of consciousness.
    Christopher S. Hill.
    Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science. May 29, 2018
    --- - |2+ Although there is much talk in various literatures of streams of consciousness, and most of us have an intuitive understanding of such talk, we are far from having a full grasp of what it is that unifies streams of consciousness, binding together the individual experiences that serve as their constituents. In recent years, discussion of this topic has been principally concerned with synchronic unity of consciousness—the form of unity that is exhibited by momentary states of consciousness, or in other words, by time slices or temporal segments of streams. There are two main questions about synchronic unity. First, what is its scope? Are the simultaneous experiences of a single subject necessarily unified? Generally but not necessarily unified? Sometimes unified? And second, what is the nature of synchronic unity? Is it a fundamental phenomenon, and if not, what are the more basic phenomena that constitute it? This essay reviews recent work on these questions, and provides reasons for preferring some answers to others. This article is categorized under: Philosophy > Consciousness Philosophy > Foundations of Cognitive Science Philosophy > Metaphysics - 'Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, Volume 9, Issue 5, September/October 2018.
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    May 29, 2018   doi: 10.1002/wcs.1465   open full text
  • Cognitive aspects of Fragile X syndrome.
    Lillie B. Huddleston, Jeannie Visootsak, Stephanie L. Sherman.
    Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science. May 29, 2014
    Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the leading inherited cause of intellectual disability. It is primarily caused by the expansion of a CGG trinucleodide repeat located in the 5′ untranslated region of the X‐linked FMR1 gene. Individuals with FXS present with variable intellectual quotients (IQs) ranging from the average to the severe intellectual disability level. A range of neurocognitive strengths and challenges are observed in individuals with FXS. This article provides an overview of our current understanding related to cognition and FXS. Cognitive functioning levels, profiles, and IQ trajectories are discussed. Limitations of existing neuropsychological measures are described. For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website. Conflict of interest: The authors have declared no conflicts of interest for this article.
    May 29, 2014   doi: 10.1002/wcs.1296   open full text
  • Prospects for usage‐based computational models of grammatical development: argument structure and semantic roles.
    Stewart M. McCauley, Morten H. Christiansen.
    Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science. May 23, 2014
    The computational modeling of language development has enabled researchers to make impressive strides toward achieving a comprehensive psychological account of the processes and mechanisms whereby children acquire their mother tongues. Nevertheless, the field's primary focus on distributional information has lead to little progress in elucidating the processes by which children learn to compute meanings beyond the level of single words. This lack of psychologically motivated computational work on semantics poses an important challenge for usage‐based computational accounts of acquisition in particular, which hold that grammatical development is closely tied to meaning. In the present review, we trace some initial steps toward answering this challenge through a survey of existing computational models of grammatical development that incorporate semantic information to learn to assign thematic roles and acquire argument structure. We argue that the time is ripe for usage‐based computational accounts of grammatical development to move beyond purely distributional features of the input, and to incorporate information about the objects and actions observable in the learning environment. To conclude, we sketch possible avenues for extending previous approaches to modeling the role of semantics in grammatical development. For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website. Conflict of interest: The authors have declared no conflicts of interest for this article.
    May 23, 2014   doi: 10.1002/wcs.1295   open full text
  • Cognitive processing, language typology, and variation.
    Kaius Sinnemäki.
    Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science. May 06, 2014
    Linguistic typological preferences have often been linked to cognitive processing preferences but often without recourse to typologically relevant experiments on cognitive processing. This article reviews experimental work on the possible parallels between preferences in cognitive processing and language typology. I summarize the main theoretical accounts of the processing‐typology connection and show that typological distributions arise diachronically from preferred paths of language change, which may be affected by the degree to which alternative structures are preferred (e.g., easier) in acquisition or usage. The surveyed experimental evidence shows that considerable support exists for many linguistic universals to reflect preferences in cognitive processing. Artificial language learning experiments emerge as a promising method for researching the processing‐typology connection, as long as its limitations are taken into account. I further show that social and cultural differences in cognition may have an effect on typological distributions and that to account for this variation a multidisciplinary approach to the processing‐typology connection has to be developed. Lastly, since the body of experimental research does not adequately represent the linguistic diversity of the world's languages, it remains as an urgent task for the field to better account for this diversity in future work. For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website. Conflict of interest: The authors have declared no conflicts of interest for this article.
    May 06, 2014   doi: 10.1002/wcs.1294   open full text
  • Human diet and cognition.
    Richard J. Stevenson, John Prescott.
    Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science. March 26, 2014
    Cognition influences what, when and how much we eat, which in turn affects the brain and hence cognition. In this overview, focusing mainly on the human literature, we start by examining cognitive influences on food and eating. This includes food preferences and choices (e.g., effects of learning, advertising, and cultural taboos), food habits relating to when and how much to eat (e.g., the concept of meals, dieting, and hunger strikes), the perception of food (e.g., the influence of appearance, food labels, and conceptions of naturalness), and how food perception is influenced by expertise. We also review how these various influences are disrupted by abnormalities of cognition (e.g., Gourmand syndrome, amnesia, and anorexia nervosa). The second part of the overview focuses on how diet affects cognition. We start by looking at the acute effects of diet, notably the impact of breakfast on cognitive performance in children. This is followed by a review of the effects of extended dietary exposures—years and lifetimes of particular diets. Here we look at the impacts of protein‐energy malnourishment and Western‐style diets, and their different, but adverse affects on cognition, and the beneficial effects on cognition of breast‐feeding and certain dietary practices. We then outline how diet and cooking may have allowed the evolution of the large energy‐hungry human brain. This overview serves to illustrate the multiple interactions that exist between cognition and diet, their importance to health and disease, and their impact on thinking about the role of conscious processes in decision making. For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website. Conflict of interest: The authors have declared no conflicts of interest for this article.
    March 26, 2014   doi: 10.1002/wcs.1290   open full text
  • Corvid cognition.
    Alex H. Taylor.
    Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science. March 07, 2014
    Numerous myths and legends across the world have suggested that corvids are intelligent. However, it is only in the last two decades that their cognition has become the subject of serious scientific investigation. Here I review what we currently know about the temporal, social, and physical cognition of this group. I argue that, while the work to date establishes corvids as one of the most intelligent groups of animals on the planet, the real scientific potential of the Corvidae has yet to be realized. However, a novel ‘signature‐testing’ experimental approach is required if we want to unlock this group's promise and gain insights into the evolution of human and animal minds. For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website. Conflict of interest: The authors have declared no conflicts of interest for this article.
    March 07, 2014   doi: 10.1002/wcs.1286   open full text