In 1949 a good government group in Phoenix began a long period of political dominance. Despite winning every mayoral and council election for two decades, during this era the group suffered a major policy defeat, as a grassroots group linked anticommunist fervor and concerns about private property rights to halt the city’s efforts at urban renewal and rehabilitating older urban housing. While this group reflected local concerns, it was also part of a nationwide far-right campaign against urban renewal and the National Municipal League. In Phoenix this campaign delayed establishment of a housing code for a decade, contributing to the further decline of the center city and encouraging suburban growth.