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Testimony, Disbelief, and Opaque Peace Building in Postgenocide Rwanda

APLA Newsletter

Published online on

Abstract

Following the 1994 genocide, a peace‐building industry emerged in Rwanda, one characterized by networks of local and international agents, institutions, and forms of knowledge. This article investigates the politics of peace building in postgenocide Rwanda through ethnographic study of two local civil society‐level organizations. These peace‐building organizations aim to produce testimony from genocide survivors and perpetrators to demonstrate radical personal transformations and newfound capacities to reconcile because of the organizations’ teachings. I call these public performances “reconciliation spectacles.” However, ambiguity and opacity surround the conditions under which this testimony is produced, which gives rise to corruption charges against peace‐building staff and their disciples. I argue that the opaque relationship between peace‐building organizations’ interventions and the outcomes of those interventions engenders not only accusations of ill‐gotten gains but also the power and moral authority of organization staff and their work. The analysis uncovers how irresolvable tensions emerge between guiding principles of the global peace‐building industry and the everyday practices of the local agents who enact them.