Objective: The objective of this study was to test whether physicians’ attitudes regarding the impact of ADHD on healthrelated quality of life (HRQL) explain differences in practices for prescribing psychostimulants in children. Method: In a cross-sectional survey, U.S.-based pediatricians and psychiatrists ("physicians") used the Paper-Standard Gamble—a widely used preference-based assessment of HRQL—to rate four vignettes describing ADHD health states of varying severity. Associations between standard gamble scores and questions about prescribing practices were analyzed using ordinal logistic regression. Results: Surveys were mailed to 291 physicians; 127 (44%) returned complete forms. Lower standard gamble scores were associated with more emphasis on children’s ADHD symptoms (p = .03) and less emphasis on parents’ concerns about stimulant side effects (p = .03) when prescribing psychostimulants. Conclusion: Differences in physician perceptions of the severity of ADHD symptoms and in their emphasis on parental concerns about side effects may help explain variations in ADHD psychostimulant prescription patterns. (J. of Att. Dis. 2012; XX(X) 1-XX)