In this article, the authors provide information on key characteristics of imagery rehearsal treatment protocols and examine the quality of reporting of randomized controlled and uncontrolled trials of imagery rehearsal for treating posttraumatic nightmares. Using a reliable and valid scale, two independent psychologists rated 16 trials. Most reports provided insufficient information on a range of variables including the definition of treatment delivery (e.g., therapist supervision, treatment fidelity), description of the participant sample, data analysis (e.g., determination of sample size), and treatment assignment (e.g., randomization procedures). Low methodological quality and poor reporting can lead to inflation of estimates of treatment effects and inadequately substantiated conclusions, such as inflated effect sizes in meta‐analytic studies. Numerous imagery rehearsal protocols exist, but in some cases are given different names and tested in pilot studies, slowing progression in the field. Randomized controlled trials of imagery rehearsal with credible comparison conditions, examination of predictors of dropout and outcome, as well as dismantling studies of imagery rehearsal treatment components are needed. 標題 : 意象綵排治療創傷後噩夢的證據根基的批判性回顧 : 未來研究的路標 撮要 : 本文描述意象綵排治療方案的主要特徵，並檢討治療創傷後噩夢的意象綵排療法的隨機制約和非制約試驗的報告質素。採用可靠和認可的量表，2名獨立的心理學家對16個試驗評核。多數報告在一系列變量(包括提供治療的定義，如治療師的監察、治療的保真度；参與人樣本描述；資料分析，如確定樣本大小；和治療分配，如隨機程序)方面的資料不足。低方法學質量和報告差劣都使療效估量和不充份結論被擴大效果，例如元分析研究擴大效應值。眾多意象綵排方案存在，有時卻在先導研究中用了不同名稱和測試，令進步拖慢。隨機制約的意象綵排測試有可信的對照情況，加上退出研究者和結果的預測檢查，及意象綵排治療的部件分解研究都是需要的。 标题 : 意象彩排治疗创伤后噩梦的证据基础的批判性回顾 : 未来研究的路标 撮要 : 本文描述意象彩排治疗方案的主要特征，并检讨治疗创伤后噩梦的意象彩排疗法的随机制约和非制约试验的报告质素。采用可靠和认可的量表，2名独立的心理学家对16个试验评核。多数报告在一系列变量(包括提供治疗的定义，如治疗师的监察、治疗的保真度；参与人样本描述；数据分析，如确定样本大小；和治疗分配，如随机程序)方面的数据不足。低方法学质量和报告差劣都使疗效估量和不充份结论被扩大效果，例如元分析研究扩大效应值。众多意象彩排方案存在，有时却在先导研究中用了不同名称和测试，令进步拖慢。随机制约的意象彩排测试有可信的对照情况，加上退出研究者和结果的预测检查，及意象彩排治疗的部件分解研究都是需要的。