Modulation of NfkB and Nrf-2 Control of Inflammatory Reponses in FHs 74 Int Cell Line is Tocopherol Isoform Specific
AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology
Published online on October 17, 2013
Abstract
The present study investigates the relative ability of α-Toc, -Toc and -Toc to modulate cell signaling events that are associated with inflammatory responses in fetal-derived (FHs 74 Int) intestinal cells. The secretion of pro-inflammatory IL8 cytokine secretion in FHs 74 Int cells was stimulated in the order α–Toc< – Toc < – Toc. A similar pro-inflammatory response was observed when inflammation was induced in FHs 74 Int cells. The effect of Toc to modulate IL8 expression corresponded to an isoform-specific modulation of NfB and Nrf-2 cell signaling pathways involved in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and antioxidant enzymes, respectively. Delta-Toc and to a lesser extent -Toc activated both NfB and Nrf-2 signaling, as indicated by the greater nuclear translocation of transcription factors. Activation of NfB signaling by - and -Toc was accompanied by the up-regulation of NfB target genes, such as IL8 and PTGS2, occurring both with and without a prior IFN/PMA challenge. Nevertheless, - and -Tocs, particularly -Toc, concurrently down-regulated glutatamate cysteine ligase (GCLC), a Nrf-2 target gene that encodes for glutathione biosynthesis. Substantiation of this observation was made by confirming that both -Toc and -Toc were effective at decreasing GCLC protein expression and cellular glutathione content. Down-regulation of the glutathione content in fetal intestinal cells corresponded to the induction of apoptosis-mediated cytotoxicity. In conclusion, - and -Tocs are biologically active forms of vit E and show superior bioactivity to α-Toc in modulating cell signaling events that contribute to a pro-inflammatory response in fetal-derived intestinal cells.