With better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning chronic kidney disease, the roles of inflammation and fibrosis are becoming increasingly inseparable. The progression of renal disease is characterized by pathomorphologic changes that consist of early inflammatory responses, followed by tubulointerstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy, glomerular and vascular sclerosis. Currently available therapies that reduce hypertension, proteinuria, hyperglycemia, and interruption of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), are at best only partially effective. Hence there remains a need to explore agents targeting non-RAAS pathways. In this review, we discuss the mechanistic aspects in the physiological and pathological role of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO), a protein enzyme involved in cellular trafficking and inflammation, with respect to the kidney. We explore the evidence for the use of SSAO inhibitors as potential agents in renal fibrosis to delay the onset and progression of chronic kidney disease.