Pancreatic Cancer‐Induced Cachexia Is Jak2‐Dependent in Mice
Journal of Cellular Physiology
Published online on February 14, 2014
Abstract
Cancer cachexia syndrome is observed in 80% of patients with advanced‐stage cancer, and it is one of the most frequent causes of death. Severe wasting accounts for more than 80% in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Here we wanted to define, by using an microarray approach and the Pdx1‐cre;LSL‐KrasG12D;INK4a/arffl/fl mice model, the pathways involved in muscle, liver and white adipose tissue wasting. These mice, which develop systematically pancreatic cancer, successfully reproduced many human symptoms afflicted with this disease, and particularly cachexia. Using the profiling analysis of pancreatic cancer‐dependent cachectic tissues we found that Jak2/Stat3 pathways, p53 and NFkB results activated. Thus, our interest was focused on the Jak2 pathways because it is pharmacologically targetable with low toxicity and FDA approved drugs are available. Therefore, Pdx1‐cre;LSL‐KrasG12D;INK4a/arffl/fl mice were treated with the Jak2 inhibitor AG490 compound daily starting at 7 weeks‐old and for a period of 3 weeks and animals were sacrificed a 10 weeks old. Body weight for control mice was 27.84 ± 2.14 gr, for untreated Pdx1‐cre;LSL‐KrasG12D;INK4a/arffl/fl was 14.97 ± 1.99 gr, whereas in animals treated with the AG490 compound the weight loss was significantly less to 24.53 ± 2.04 gr. Treatment with AG490 compound was efficient since phosphorylation of Jak2 and circulating IL6 levels were significantly reduced in cachectic tissues and in mice respectively. In conclusion, we found that Jak2/Stat3‐dependent intracellular pathway plays an essential role since its pharmacological inhibition strongly attenuates cachexia progression in a lethal transgenic pancreatic cancer model. J. Cell. Physiol. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.