Compartmentalized responses in motor unit (MU) activity of the short (SH) and long (LH) heads of the biceps brachii are observed following forearm position change. Differential muscle spindle afferent distribution has been proposed as a potential mechanism underlying this behavior. Tendon vibration is an effective, non‐invasive method of increasing muscle spindle afferent activity of a target muscle group offering a paradigm in which this hypothesis may be investigated further. Aim To determine the effect of tendon vibration on MU recruitment and discharge rates of the SH and LH, muscle activity of the elbow flexors and triceps brachii, intermuscular coherence among the SH, LH, brachioradialis and triceps brachii, and force steadiness in young male and females during isometric elbow flexion. Methods Intramuscular electromyography (EMG) of the SH and LH, and surface EMG of the elbow flexors were recorded pre‐ and post‐vibration during low force isometric contractions. Motor unit recruitment thresholds, MU discharge rates, and MU discharge variability; surface EMG amplitude, intermuscular coherence, and force steadiness were determined pre‐ and post‐vibration. Results Differential changes in all MU properties, EMG amplitude and intermuscular coherence were observed among elbow flexors. Although MU properties exhibited differential changes, they accounted for little variance in isometric force steadiness. However, intermuscular EMG coherence among all muscles investigated was reduced post‐vibration. Conclusion Uncoupling of common oscillatory input as a result of differential muscle spindle afferent inputs to elbow flexors may be responsible for the reduction in force steadiness following tendon vibration and a forearm position change. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.