In 2014, Armed Forces & Society published Ali’s work, "Contradiction of Concordance Theory: Failure to Understand Military intervention in Pakistan." Shortly thereafter in 2015, Schiff, the author of concordance theory, responded with "Concordance Theory in Pakistan: Response to Zulfiqar Ali."

Schiff, in the Disputatio Sine Fine (DSF) section of Armed Forces & Society, defends concordance theory and puts forward four challenges to Ali’s article. Here, this reply explains again why concordance theory not only fails to generate an adequate account of military intervention in Pakistan but also unintentionally imposes a Western style of governance.