The MOVE!23, a questionnaire to assess weight-related domains in veterans, was examined. Factor analysis of Perceived Contributors to Weight Change revealed three factors (psychosocial, eating behavior, and medical) that were positively correlated with body mass index, and psychiatric and medical comorbidity (p’s < 0.001). Multivariable cumulative logit models modeling the factor scores indicated that women were more likely than men to endorse psychosocial (odds ratio = 2.15, confidence interval = 2.04–2.27) and medical (odds ratio = 1.69, confidence interval = 1.59–1.79) items. The MOVE!23 Perceived Contributors to Weight Change subscale is a reliable and valid measure that is associated with body mass index and may assist in tailoring treatments according to gender and comorbidity.