Objective Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and anger have been implicated separately in relationship dysfunction for veterans; however, no studies have simultaneously examined the roles of each of these constructs. Method This study examined the roles of PTSD and anger in the relationships of Vietnam veterans and their partners (n = 33 couples) with actor–partner interdependence modeling (APIM). Couples in which the veteran was diagnosed with PTSD (PTSD‐positive; n = 20) were compared to couples in which the veteran did not have PTSD (PTSD‐negative; n = 13) on measures of frequency of anger and relationship functioning. Results PTSD‐positive and PTSD‐negative couples reported similar levels of relationship functioning, yet PTSD‐positive veterans reported experiencing anger significantly more often than PTSD‐negative veterans. Across groups, anger was predictive of relationship functioning, but PTSD severity was not. Conclusions Trait anger may have a more deleterious effect on relationship functioning than PTSD symptoms. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed.