The aim of this study is to evaluate the association of venous thromboembolism with arterial stiffness by cardio-ankle vascular index method.

We included 52 patients with a documented lower extremity venous thromboembolism within the last six months and 52 healthy subjects to this cross sectional observational study.

Cardio-ankle vascular index (8.58 ± 1.60 versus 7.05 ± 1.44, p < 0.001, respectively) and systolic blood pressure (128.02 ± 7.13 mmHg versus 123.94 ± 8.12 mmHg, p = 0.008, respectively) were significantly higher among patients with venous thromboembolism than controls. Cardio-ankle vascular index was an independent predictor of venous thromboembolism in multivariate logistic regression analysis (p < 0.001, odds ratio = 1.864, 95% confidence interval = 1.370–2.536). Cardio-ankle vascular index value > 7.8 had a sensitivity of 82.7% and a specificity of 80.8% for predicting venous thromboembolism (area under curve = 0.789, 95% confidence interval = 0.698–0.863, p < 0.001) in receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

We found that arterial stiffness was increased in patients with venous thromboembolism which highlights the fact that arterial and venous circulation is in continuum and an insult may affect both of these circuits.