This study developed employee well‐being (EWB) and employee‐relationship scales (including six parts, employee‐superior, employee‐subordinate, employee‐organization, employee‐coworker, employee‐family, and employee‐friend) through considering the management situation in China and the integrity of the construct. According to an empirical analysis based on manufacturing and service industries (N = 571), this study explored the influence of employee relationship quality (ERQ) on EWB through Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. According to the results, in terms of relationships inside work, the dimensions of all ERQ types had positive correlations with EWB. The degree of stability of a relationship outside work, such as employee‐family and the employee‐friend, was found to have negative effects on EWB. Regardless of whether they are general employees or leadership employees, the employee‐superior relationship was the principal factor that influenced EWB. These results provide new insights into employee relationship management and EWB promotion.