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Store‐Operated Ca2+ Entry in Oocytes Modulate the Dynamics of IP3‐Dependent Ca2+ Release From Oscillatory to Tonic

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Journal of Cellular Physiology

Published online on

Abstract

Ca2+ signaling is ubiquitous and mediates various cellular functions encoded in its spatial, temporal, and amplitude features. Here, we investigate the role of store‐operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) in regulating the temporal dynamics of Ca2+ signals in Xenopus oocytes, which can be either oscillatory or tonic. Oscillatory Ca2+ release from intracellular stores is typically observed at physiological agonist concentration. When Ca2+ release leads to Ca2+ store depletion, this triggers the activation of SOCE that translates into a low‐amplitude tonic Ca2+ signal. SOCE has also been implicated in fueling Ca2+ oscillations when activated at low levels. Here, we show that sustained SOCE activation in the presence of IP3 to gate IP3 receptors (IP3R) results in a pump‐leak steady state across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane that inhibits Ca2+ oscillations and produces a tonic Ca2+ signal. Tonic signaling downstream of SOCE activation relies on focal Ca2+ entry through SOCE ER‐plasma membrane (PM) junctions, Ca2+ uptake into the ER, followed by release through open IP3Rs at distant sites, a process we refer to as “Ca2+ teleporting.” Therefore, sustained SOCE activation in the presence of an IP3‐dependent “leak” pathway at the ER membrane results in a switch from oscillatory to tonic Ca2+ signaling. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 1095–1103, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Calcium influx through SOCE inhibits calcium oscillations and favors a tonic mode of signaling. This is achieved through focal calcium entry at SOCE clusters, followed by calcium uptake into the ER through SERCA and re‐release through open IP3 Receptors. A process referred to as “calcium teleporting.”