This qualitative study analyses the social representations of health, illness and care, considering the similarities and differences between 30 nurses from different regions. We conducted three intra-ethnic focus groups and two inter-ethnic focus groups. This study shows similarities between the nurses’ representations. All participants believed that the psychological sphere affects individual’s health, that disease is an imbalance between physical and psychological factors and that interpersonal aspects are essential for care. Differences emerged regarding many facets. Eastern European nurses placed more importance on psychological aspects, South American nurses emphasised interpersonal relationships and Italian nurses focused their attention on economic aspects and their impact on health, illness and care.