Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and intracellular Ca2+ play a key role in endothelial barrier dysfunction in acute lung injury (ALI). We previously showed that H2O2-induced increases in intracellular calcium concentrations ([Ca2+]i) in LMVECs involve the membrane Ca2+ channel, transient receptor potential vanilloid-4 (TRPV4), and that inhibiting this channel attenuated H2O2-induced barrier disruption in vitro. We also showed that phosphorylation of TRPV4 by the Src family kinase, Fyn, contributes to H2O2-induced Ca2+ influx in LMVEC. In endothelial cells, Fyn is tethered to the cell membrane by CD36, a fatty acid transporter. In this study, we assessed the effect of genetic loss or pharmacologic inhibition of CD36 on Ca2+ responses to H2O2. H2O2-induced Ca2+ influx was attenuated in LMVEC isolated from mice lacking CD36 (CD36-/-). TRPV4 expression and function was unchanged in LMVEC isolated from WT and CD36-/- mice, as well as mice with deficiency for Fyn (Fyn-/-). TRPV4 immunoprecipitated with Fyn, but this interaction was decreased in CD36-/- LMVEC. The amount of phosphorylated TRPV4 was decreased in LMVEC from CD36-/- mice compared to WT controls. Loss of CD36 altered subcellular localization of Fyn, while inhibition of CD36 fatty acid transport with succinimidyl oleate (SSO) did not attenuate H2O2-induced Ca2+ influx. Lastly, we found that CD36-/- mice were protected from ischemia-reperfusion injury in vivo. In conclusion, our data suggest that CD36 plays an important role in H2O2-mediated lung injury and that the mechanism may involve CD36-dependent scaffolding of Fyn to the cell membrane in order to facilitate TRPV4 phosphorylation.