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Sandbagging

Journal of Sports Economics

Published online on

Abstract

Participants of dynamic contests sometimes play with the rules of the game by withholding effort in the beginning. Such behavior is referred to as sandbagging. I consider a two-period contest between heterogeneous players and analyze potential sandbagging of high-ability participants in period one. This sandbagging can be beneficial to avoid second-period matches against other high-ability opponents. I characterize the conditions under which sandbagging leads to a coordination problem, similar to that of the battle of the sexes. Moreover, if players' abilities have a stronger impact on the outcome of the first-period contest than effort choices, mutual sandbagging by all high-ability players can arise.