While use of competency modeling (CM) has grown considerably, evaluation of it has been sparse. ‘Although today there is a significant amount and range of practice, there is sadly, little research or formal description of practice …' (Schippmann, J. S. (2010). In J. Scott & D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of Workplace Assessment (p. 215). San Francisco, CA: John Wiley). CM literature is reviewed with the goal of shedding light on the prevalence, uses and effectiveness of CM. CM adoption, use, and effectiveness were examined via surveys and expert interviews. Results indicate extensive use of CM in corporate talent management systems. Our survey and review highlight the need for further examination of CM, its uses and implementation challenges.