Organizations are experiencing a rise in a new demographic of employees - multicultural individuals, who identify with two or more cultures, and have internalized associated cultural schemas. This paper creates a map of possible ways to organize more than one cultural identity, based on identity integration, which ranges from separated to integrated, and identity plurality, which ranges from single to multiple. Cognitive and motivational mechanisms drawn from social identity theory explain how identity patterns then influence both benefits and challenges for multicultural employees, categorized into personal, social and task outcomes. Organizational identification and organizational culture each moderate relationships between multicultural identity patterns and outcomes. The framework presented in this paper offers a theoretical basis for understanding how multicultural employees may contribute to their organizations.