Therapist implementation and parent experiences of the three phases of Functional Family Therapy
Published online on April 06, 2016
Abstract
Despite the widespread adoption of manualized model‐driven approaches to family therapy, little is known about how therapists implement and families experience the specific guiding practices involved in individual models. The aim of the present study was to use a qualitative methodology to describe therapist implementation and family experiences of the three phases of Functional Family Therapy (FFT). Five FFT therapists and four parents of families who had been treated by those therapists were interviewed and thematic analysis performed to analyse the data. Results suggest that both common factor and model‐specific treatment elements, flexibility within model delivery, and strategies which aim to improve parental self‐efficacy and communication are key elements of successful therapy when practised within a manualized model‐driven framework. Limitations such as the retrospective nature of the study, and avenues for future research, such as the inclusion of the entire client family, are discussed.
Practitioner points
Early in FFT, combine basic therapeutic skills such as empathy, warmth and unconditional positive regard with model specific skills such as reframing
In the middle sessions of FFT, match the development of specific behaviour change skills (e.g. communication, conflict management, and emotional regulation) to families’ particular goals
In later sessions of FFT, support the generalization of gains made within therapy to other contexts and future situations to prevent relapse
功能家庭治疗三个阶段的治疗师执行情况及家长体验
虽然手册化、模式驱动的家庭治疗方法已被广泛使用, 对于个体模式的特定指导实践的治疗师执行情况和家庭的体验却鲜有资料。该研究的目的在于用质性研究方法描述功能家庭治疗(FFT)三个阶段的治疗师执行情况和家庭体验。五位FFT治疗师和四位他们治疗过的家庭中的家长参加了访谈, 访谈数据通过系统方法进行了分析。分析结果显示, 在手册化、模式驱动的治疗框架下, 共同元素和模式特定的治疗因素、模式执行的灵活性, 以及着眼于改善家长自我效能感和沟通的策略都是成功治疗的关键因素。文中还讨论了本研究的缺陷, 如回溯性的本质, 并讨论了未来研究的方向, 比如将整个被治疗家庭纳入研究。
对实务工作者的启示
在FFT的早期阶段, 在使用模式特定的技巧如重构的同时, 融合基本的治疗技巧, 如共情、情感温暖和无条件的积极视角
在FFT的中期阶段, 将特定行为变化技巧(如沟通、冲突处理和情绪调节)的发展与家庭的具体目标相匹配
在FFT的后期阶段, 支持治疗成果在其他情境和未来情况中的普遍化, 以预防病情反复
关键词:循证实践;功能家庭治疗;手册化