["TESOL Quarterly, EarlyView. ", "\nAbstract\nResearch synthesis plays a pivotal role in bridging the gap between research and practice in TESOL by systematically consolidating evidence to inform decision‐making, policy, and pedagogy. Although well established in disciplines such as Medicine and Education, research synthesis remains emergent in TESOL, where its relevance continues to grow alongside methodological diversification. Through illustrative examples, this article provides an overview of the history, typologies, and methodological developments of research synthesis in TESOL, including the introduction of SMART (Synthesis Methods and Reporting Tool). The article identifies future directions for research synthesis in TESOL, which include appropriate, ethical, and inclusive use of digital tools in research synthesis; a “small lens” approach to conducting research synthesis to enhance contextual relevance and reduce research waste; and the need to diversify, replicate, and update existing research syntheses in the field.\n"]