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When Cluster-Robust Inferences Fail

Educational and Psychological Measurement

Published online on

Abstract

Educational and Psychological Measurement, Volume 86, Issue 3, Page 579-601, June 2026.
Although cluster-robust standard errors (CRSEs) are commonly used to account for violations of observations independence found in nested data, an underappreciated issue is that there are several instances when CRSEs can fail to properly maintain the ...