The ventriloquism of PARRY-ELIZA: Schizophrenic language in computational writing
Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies
Published online on March 11, 2026
Abstract
Convergence, Ahead of Print.
This paper interrogates the ambiguous claims of ‘language’ in Artificial Intelligence by reframing early chatbot systems PARRY and ELIZA not as simulations of human dialogue, but as literary devices that foreground the medial and material conditions of ...
This paper interrogates the ambiguous claims of ‘language’ in Artificial Intelligence by reframing early chatbot systems PARRY and ELIZA not as simulations of human dialogue, but as literary devices that foreground the medial and material conditions of ...