Development and Validation of a Social Frailty Index Among Older Adults in the Philippines

Edina Yi-Qin Tan, Hanzhang Xu, Rahul Malhotra, Mark Ryan B. Paguirigan, Grace Trinidad Cruz, Yasuhiko Saito, Truls Østbye, Duke-NUS Medical School, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Duke University, Population Institute, University of the Philippines, Quezon City, Nihon University

Journal of Aging and Health

Published online on June 30, 2025

Abstract

Journal of Aging and Health, Volume 38, Issue 7-8, Page 404-413, August 2026.
BackgroundSocial frailty has not been studied in the Philippines, a Southeast Asian country with distinct sociocultural characteristics.ObjectiveTo (i) develop and validate the Social Frailty Index-Philippines (SFI-Phil), using all-cause mortality (up to ...