The Effects of Therapeutic Ultrasound on Human Milk Composition: A Quasi-Experimental Pre-Post Design Study

Leanda Jane McKenna, Kristin Eu, Renee McGregor, Stephanie Melanko, Aik Ping Tay, Patricia Gaunt, Ching Tat Lai, Donna Tracy Geddes, Angela Jacques, Adelle McArdle

Journal of Human Lactation

Published online on March 30, 2026

Abstract

Journal of Human Lactation, Ahead of Print.
Background:Therapeutic ultrasound generates heating within tissues and is a popular treatment option for inflammatory conditions of the lactating breast, but it is unknown if therapeutic ultrasound alters breastmilk composition.Research Aim:This study ...