Informal infrastructuring: The defining feature of 21st century urbanization

Elmond Bandauko, Brandon Marc Finn, Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Human Geography, University of Alberta, School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor

Progress in Human Geography

Published online on April 04, 2026

Abstract

Progress in Human Geography, Ahead of Print.
Urbanization drives global socio-spatial transformation. Informality is central to this transformation, but is treated as a peripheral process on the margins of cities and economies. Informality is often associated with specific locations, overlooking the ...