Addressing Access and Visualization Limitations in VNOTES: Evaluation of a Novel Laparoscopic Vaginal Speculum in a Porcine Model

Yuebo Li, Shengdi Hou, Wenhui Li, Yuanyuan Wen, Ming Xue, Chang Zhou, Heming Sun, Huan Yu, Dingqing Feng, Jing Liang, Bin Ling, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Graduate School, Capital Medical University

Surgical Innovation

Published online on December 27, 2025

Abstract

Surgical Innovation, Volume 33, Issue 3, Page 300-305, June 2026.
BackgroundVaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (VNOTES) is a minimally invasive technique with significant clinical potential. However, its widespread adoption has been hindered by technical challenges, particularly in the establishment ...