Immune checkpoint inhibitor-based first-line therapies for advanced or unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a network meta-analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis

Huijie Qi, Yuxin Huang, Wenxin Zhang, Jiyifan Li, Tianxiao Wang, Yinqing Ying, Bicui Chen, Feng Miao, Qunyi Li

Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology

Published online on March 07, 2026

Abstract

Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology, Volume 18, January-December 2026.
Background:Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the treatment landscape of advanced or unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the comparative clinical efficacy and cost-effectiveness of various ICI-based combination ...