If tourism pollutes the environment: Can regulatory quality or government effectiveness moderate the pollution?

Isiaka Akande Raifu, Oluwafemi Mathew Adeboje, Joshua Adeyemi Afolabi, Sebil Olalekan Oshota, Centre for the Study of the Economies of Africa , Policy and International Relations Department, Nigeria Deposit Insurance Corporation, Institute of Economics, Ilmenau University of Technology, Innovation and Technology Policy Department, Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research , Economic and Business Policy Department, Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research

Tourism and Hospitality Research

Published online on February 26, 2026

Abstract

Tourism and Hospitality Research, Ahead of Print.
This study examines the environmental impact of tourism in 27 African countries from 2000 to 2020, with a focus on the moderating roles of regulatory quality and government effectiveness. Using a series of estimation methods (FMOLS, CCR, FGLS, SGMM), the ...