Follower Expectations Regarding the Functions of Smiles During the 2024 Presidential Election Reflect Political Identity
Published online on May 14, 2026
Abstract
American Behavioral Scientist, Ahead of Print.
Smiles are not monolithic behaviors; they function in multiple ways by signaling affiliative intent, in turn lubricating the social interactions that provide the basis for group formation and maintenance. While smiles may be characterized by the muscles ...
Smiles are not monolithic behaviors; they function in multiple ways by signaling affiliative intent, in turn lubricating the social interactions that provide the basis for group formation and maintenance. While smiles may be characterized by the muscles ...