The U-CLEAR study: Uncovering hemodynamic and vascular contributors to chronic refractory lower extremity edema

Kyutae Park, Srinivas Nadadur, Sungmin Lim, Debapria Das, Khagendra Dahal, Agnes S. Kim, Patrick Corcoran, Michael A. Azrin, Juyong Lee, Interventional Cardiology, Vascular and Endovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Pat and Jim Calhoun Cardiovascular Center, UConn Health, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea, Interventional cardiology, Department of cardiovascular medicine, Appalachian Regional Healthcare, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea Uijeongbu St, s Hospital, Republic of Korea

Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease

Published online on June 08, 2026

Abstract

Phlebology, Ahead of Print.
ObjectivesChronic refractory lower-extremity edema often remains undiagnosed despite standard evaluations that focus primarily on excluding deep vein thrombosis. We aimed to elucidate the underlying etiologies and assess the utility of a comprehensive, ...