Random Responding Detection in Two Alternative Forced Choice Tests: lz vs. Optimal Appropriateness Measurement

Naidan Tu, Sean Joo, Stephen Stark, Department of Psychological Sciences, Kansas State University, Department of Educational Psychology, University of Kansas, Department of Psychology, University of South Florida

Applied Psychological Measurement

Published online on July 06, 2026

Abstract

Applied Psychological Measurement, Ahead of Print.
Multidimensional forced choice (MFC) test formats are commonly used as an alternative to traditional rating scale formats to reduce aberrant responding, especially faking in high-stakes settings. However, MFC remains susceptible to random responding, ...