Enhancing Motor Competence in Rhythmic Gymnastics: Effects of the Overlapping Waves Strategy in School‐Based Physical Education
Journal of School Health / The Journal of School Health
Published online on July 12, 2026
Abstract
["Journal of School Health, Volume 96, Issue 8, August 2026. ", "\nABSTRACT\n\nBackground\nRhythmic gymnastics offers a context for motor development. This study examined the association between the Overlapping Waves Strategy and traditional instruction in fundamental club skills.\n\nMethods\nA cluster‐allocated quasi‐experimental design (16 sessions) was implemented among 64 fifth‐grade female students. Participants received Overlapping Waves Strategy (n = 32) or conventional instruction (n = 32). Four skills were assessed by certified judges.\n\nResults\nTwo‐way mixed ANOVA revealed significant group × time interactions (all p < 0.001). The experimental group exhibited greater pre‐post performance gains than the control group. \n\nImplications for School Health Policy, Practice, and Equity\nThe strategy provides a structured pedagogical framework for physical education, suggesting potential feasibility, though limited by the specific single‐setting and demographic parameters, and policy recommendations remain premature without broader replication.\n\nConclusion\nPreliminary findings indicate greater short‐term execution of club skills in the experimental classroom. Classroom‐level confounding cannot be excluded. Replication in cluster‐randomized designs with retention measures is required.\n"]