This study investigates the importance of social-ecological systems in the conservation of forest and woodland resources in a planned resettlement area in Zimbabwe. The study uses methodological integration, comprising a questionnaire survey and participatory rural appraisal that were conducted on five randomly selected farms to explore the way resettled communities interact with tree resources and the cultural and traditional practices that they employ to conserve the resources. The study concludes that forest and woodland resource conservation is a function of complex and dynamically linked processes that are not only embedded in biophysical space but also connected to socio-economic and political realms depicting the livelihoods, social needs and culture of members of the resettled communities. This knowledge is important for designing conservation strategies in future resettlement areas.